Understanding Spinal Tumors

Your spine is like a sturdy column made of bones that protects the nerves running from your brain to the rest of your body—like a central highway for messages. Sometimes, a growth called a tumor can form in or around the spine, which may press on the nerves or spinal cord.

What Is a Spinal Tumor?

A spinal tumor is a group of abnormal cells. It can be:

• Benign (not cancer): These usually grow slowly and do not spread to other parts of the body, but they can still cause problems by putting pressure on nerves or the spine.

• Malignant (cancer): These can grow more quickly and may spread. Sometimes, cancer from another part of the body can spread to the spine (this is called a metastatic spinal tumor).

What Symptoms Can a Spinal Tumor Cause?

Because your spine and nerves control so many body functions, a tumor can cause a range of symptoms—usually developing slowly:

• Back pain: This is often the first sign. It may be constant, worsen at night, or spread to your arms or legs.

• Weakness: You might feel weaker in your arms or legs, or have trouble walking or holding things.

• Numbness or tingling: A pins-and-needles feeling, or loss of sensation in your arms, legs, hands, or feet.

• Bladder or bowel problems: Difficulty urinating or passing stool is a serious symptom. Contact your doctor right away.

• Unsteadiness: You might feel off-balance when walking.

How Are Spinal Tumors Diagnosed?

Your doctor will start by asking about your symptoms and doing a physical exam. To get a closer look, they may order imaging tests such as:

• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Gives a detailed view of your spine, nerves, and any tumors.

• CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Shows clear images of the bones.

• X-rays: May reveal changes or damage to the bones.

• Biopsy: A small sample of the tumor may be taken to examine under a microscope and determine the tumor type.

How Are Spinal Tumors Treated?

Treatment depends on the type, location, and impact of the tumor. Options may include:

• Surgery: To remove all or part of the tumor.

• Radiation therapy: Uses focused energy to shrink or destroy tumor cells.

• Chemotherapy: Medications that target cancer cells, especially if the cancer has spread.

• Observation: If the tumor is small and not causing problems, your doctor may monitor it over time.

Recovery and Follow-Up

After treatment, some patients may need:

• Physical therapy: To rebuild strength and movement.

• Occupational therapy: To help with daily activities.

• Pain management: To keep discomfort under control.
  
  

Every case is different. Your care team will work with you to create a treatment and recovery plan tailored to your needs. Don’t hesitate to ask questions - your healthcare team is here to support you.